From 2677aedea8eaad819c4a00beaed2278b687ab7d7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Douglas Eichelberger <d@eic.email>
Date: Sun, 26 Apr 2026 20:06:19 -0700
Subject: [PATCH] system_command: avoid loading plist and URI libraries at
 startup
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These two requires were loaded globally on every brew invocation via
extend/pathname → system_command, but neither was needed at startup:

- `plist`: only used in Result#plist method body; deferred with a lazy
  require inside the method. This avoids loading the plist gem and its
  transitive deps (cgi, date, stringio) for commands that don't parse
  plist output (the vast majority).

- `uri`: URI::Generic only appears in Sorbet sigs. Changed the six
  affected sigs to T::Sig::WithoutRuntime.sig so the sig blocks are
  not evaluated at runtime, allowing the require to be dropped
  entirely. Added an explicit require "stringio" since that was a
  transitive dep of plist relied on by utils/tty.rb.

Also adds an AGENTS.md note to always use `./bin/brew ruby` instead
of the system Ruby when running Ruby directly.
---
 AGENTS.md                          |  2 ++
 Library/Homebrew/system_command.rb | 16 ++++++++--------
 2 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/AGENTS.md b/AGENTS.md
index 527f6cd3b4..f6b230a56c 100644
--- a/AGENTS.md
+++ b/AGENTS.md
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ Please follow these guidelines when contributing:
 
 When running commands in this repository, use `./bin/brew` (not a system `brew` on `PATH`).
 
+When running Ruby directly (e.g. `ruby -e ...`, `gem`, profiling tools), never use the system Ruby. Use `./bin/brew ruby -- <args>` to run Ruby scripts with Homebrew's vendored Ruby and libraries loaded. The system macOS Ruby is an incompatible older version.
+
 ## Code Standards
 
 ### Required Before Each Commit
diff --git a/Library/Homebrew/system_command.rb b/Library/Homebrew/system_command.rb
index 5d3dcad4ba..2db76f094c 100644
--- a/Library/Homebrew/system_command.rb
+++ b/Library/Homebrew/system_command.rb
@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 # typed: strict
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
-require "plist"
 require "shellwords"
-require "uri"
+require "stringio"
 
 require "context"
 require "readline_nonblock"
@@ -24,7 +23,7 @@ class SystemCommand
     sig {
       params(
         executable:      T.any(String, Pathname),
-        args:            T::Array[T.any(String, Integer, Float, Pathname, URI::Generic)],
+        args:            T::Array[T.any(String, Integer, Float, Pathname)],
         sudo:            T::Boolean,
         sudo_as_root:    T::Boolean,
         env:             T::Hash[String, T.nilable(T.any(String, T::Boolean, PATH))],
@@ -54,7 +53,7 @@ class SystemCommand
     sig {
       params(
         executable:      T.any(String, Pathname),
-        args:            T::Array[T.any(String, Integer, Float, Pathname, URI::Generic)],
+        args:            T::Array[T.any(String, Integer, Float, Pathname)],
         sudo:            T::Boolean,
         sudo_as_root:    T::Boolean,
         env:             T::Hash[String, T.nilable(T.any(String, T::Boolean, PATH))],
@@ -83,7 +82,7 @@ class SystemCommand
   sig {
     params(
       executable:      T.any(String, Pathname),
-      args:            T::Array[T.any(String, Integer, Float, Pathname, URI::Generic)],
+      args:            T::Array[T.any(String, Integer, Float, Pathname)],
       sudo:            T::Boolean,
       sudo_as_root:    T::Boolean,
       env:             T::Hash[String, T.nilable(T.any(String, T::Boolean, PATH))],
@@ -110,7 +109,7 @@ class SystemCommand
   sig {
     params(
       executable:      T.any(String, Pathname),
-      args:            T::Array[T.any(String, Integer, Float, Pathname, URI::Generic)],
+      args:            T::Array[T.any(String, Integer, Float, Pathname)],
       sudo:            T::Boolean,
       sudo_as_root:    T::Boolean,
       env:             T::Hash[String, T.nilable(T.any(String, T::Boolean, PATH))],
@@ -170,7 +169,7 @@ class SystemCommand
   sig {
     params(
       executable:      T.any(String, Pathname),
-      args:            T::Array[T.any(String, Integer, Float, Pathname, URI::Generic)],
+      args:            T::Array[T.any(String, Integer, Float, Pathname)],
       sudo:            T::Boolean,
       sudo_as_root:    T::Boolean,
       env:             T::Hash[String, T.nilable(T.any(String, T::Boolean, PATH))],
@@ -235,7 +234,7 @@ class SystemCommand
   sig { returns(T.any(Pathname, String)) }
   attr_reader :executable
 
-  sig { returns(T::Array[T.any(String, Integer, Float, Pathname, URI::Generic)]) }
+  sig { returns(T::Array[T.any(String, Integer, Float, Pathname)]) }
   attr_reader :args
 
   sig { returns(T::Array[String]) }
@@ -548,6 +547,7 @@ class SystemCommand
 
     sig { returns(T.untyped) }
     def plist
+      require "plist"
       @plist ||= T.let(begin
         output = stdout