Files
llama.cpp/tools/mtmd
62bf73d25c model: Muse Glimmer Support (#26841)
* Get started with Onyx

* Add architecture

* Skip keys handled in super()

* Loading tensors

* Shorten

* Graph

* Apply suggestion from @pcuenca

* Remove norm now embedding in transformers weights

* Add eot

* Explicit output_multiplier

* Handle post_norm_eps

* No super call; unhardcode eot.

The pattern `self._set_vocab_gpt2()` seems preferred throughout the
codebase, and it allows `set_vocab()` to be called from a different part
of the Python class hierarchy: the drafter model converter that we may
need eventually.

* Register for drafting

* DFlash: inherit rope type from the linked target.

Another option would be to store it in the gguf file itself.

* mmproj conversion

Note: some fields to be renamed after the implementation works. We are
keeping compatibility with the reference Meta gguf for testing purposes.

* "clip" header declarations

* Load mmproj

* Pre-processing

* Graph

* Go back to using delimiters.

Otherwise our generations are worse.

Transformers does not use them. We need to trace inputs to verify
whether they are equivalent.

* downsample_factor -> merge_size

* Add vision graph

lol, forgot from a previous commit

* Additional renames, align with llama.cpp / transformers

* Prefer _size instead of independent _h and _w

* Fix token layout

Co-authored-by: Young Han <younghan@fb.com>

* onyx: bring the chat parser onto the onyx branch

common/chat.cpp on this branch has no Onyx handling, so a converted model
serves malformed chat: the assistant preamble leaks into content
("to=self<|message|>...") and tool calls fail with

    HTTP 500 "The model produced output that does not match the expected
              peg-native format"

common_chat_params_init_onyx exists on onyx-fair-patch, added there by
8bb73dd3d. It was never on this branch, so this is not a regression --
the two lines developed independently.

The code here is taken verbatim from that commit. It is the clean side of
`git merge origin/onyx-fair-patch`: chat.cpp is one of the files that
merges without conflict. The full merge is not viable -- it produces 13
conflicts, including add/add on conversion/onyx.py and src/models/onyx.cpp
where the q_norm-folding and metadata-scale approaches contradict each
other, and #4/#7 are stacked on this branch's side of that.

Verified on this branch: builds with 0 errors, converts an Onyx checkpoint,
and serving it gives "4" for "What is 2+2?" plus a correct
get_weather {"city":"Paris"} tool call, where the unported branch gives the
two failures above.

No converter or runtime changes are included, so this should not interact
with the q_norm work.

Co-authored-by: Beto de Paola <betodepaola@meta.com>

* Less params, bilinear pos-emb interpolation as a graph op instead of CPU

* Map to symbolic V_MMPROJ instead of strings

* Make a couple params explicit

* Patchify via build_inp()

* No param for rope_theta

* Small cleanup

* Restore blank line

* Unpermute, to adapt to the latest transformers checkpoint

* Apply norm after token embeddings

This follows the latest transformers approach.

* Remove duplicated function

* build_vit

* onyx: use the model rope theta on sliding-window layers

* DFlash: conversion from transformers drafter

* Revert rope_type derivation from target

NOTE: this breaks compatibility with Meta's distributed DFlash GGUFs, as
the Q/K are stored in "NEOX" (rotated half) format, like in
transformers.

* Apply suggestion from @pcuenca

* Set model type

* Remove comment that will become obsolete

* Hardcode post_norm_rms_eps instead of new param

* Derive SWA+RoPE pattern from gguf array or scalar

* Fix model type <-> number of layers

* Reorder

* Rename

* Fix typo

* DFlash: seed the draft KV cache from multimodal embedding batches

`common_speculative_impl_draft_dflash::process()` returned early on any batch carrying embeddings, so an image prefill never had its target-layer features fused through the DFlash encoder and injected into the draft's KV cache. That left a hole spanning the image's positions, and the next injection at a post-image position failed to initialize its batch:

```
decoding image batch 1/1, n_tokens_batch = 256
decode: failed to initialize batch
llama_decode: failed to decode, ret = -1
process: llama_decode(ctx_dft) failed rc=-1 (n_tokens=17, offset=0)
srv decode: failed to process speculative batch
```

Every image request with `--spec-type draft-dflash` failed with HTTP 500. Text-only was unaffected, since those batches carry token ids and were let through.

Restore the earlier condition, which admits a batch that is either tokens or embeddings and skips only the degenerate neither/both cases. The rest of `process()` is already layout-agnostic -- it gathers features via `llama_get_embeddings_layer_inp()` and indexes `batch_in.pos[]` / `batch_in.seq_id[]`, none of which assume token ids -- so this is the whole fix.

Validated against `muse-glimmer-30B-bf16.gguf` + `mmproj-muse-glimmer-30B-bf16.gguf` + a DFlash draft head, on an image describe-the-shapes request:

- before: HTTP 500, `failed to process speculative batch`
- after: HTTP 200, draft acceptance 0.34012 (167 accepted / 491 generated), mean len 3.04

Output equivalence holds, which is the property that matters: at temperature 0 the drafted response is byte-identical to the same request served with no draft attached (1213/1213 chars), so the draft is drafting correctly through the image context rather than merely not crashing.

* Conversion: prefer rewrite to mapping

* Revert "Conversion: prefer rewrite to mapping"

This reverts commit a92d0ac584.

* fix lint

* sliding_window metadata is not optional

* disable state save/load

* Apply suggestion from @pcuenca

---------

Co-authored-by: Young Han <younghan@fb.com>
Co-authored-by: Beto de Paola <betodepaola@meta.com>
Co-authored-by: Daniel Han <michaelhan2050@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: ruanrms <ruanslv@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Xuan Son Nguyen <son@huggingface.co>
Co-authored-by: Sigbjørn Skjæret <sigbjorn.skjaeret@huggingface.co>
2026-08-10 13:07:27 +02:00
..
2026-08-10 13:07:27 +02:00
2026-08-10 13:07:27 +02:00

Multimodal Support in llama.cpp

This directory provides multimodal capabilities for llama.cpp. Initially intended as a showcase for running LLaVA models, its scope has expanded significantly over time to include various other vision-capable models. As a result, LLaVA is no longer the only multimodal architecture supported.

Important

Multimodal support can be viewed as a sub-project within llama.cpp. It is under very heavy development, and breaking changes are expected.

The naming and structure related to multimodal support have evolved, which might cause some confusion. Here's a brief timeline to clarify:

  • #3436: Initial support for LLaVA 1.5 was added, introducing llava.cpp and clip.cpp. The llava-cli binary was created for model interaction.
  • #4954: Support for MobileVLM was added, becoming the second vision model supported. This built upon the existing llava.cpp, clip.cpp, and llava-cli infrastructure.
  • Expansion & Fragmentation: Many new models were subsequently added (e.g., #7599, #10361, #12344, and others). However, llava-cli lacked support for the increasingly complex chat templates required by these models. This led to the creation of model-specific binaries like qwen2vl-cli, minicpmv-cli, and gemma3-cli. While functional, this proliferation of command-line tools became confusing for users.
  • #12849: libmtmd was introduced as a replacement for llava.cpp. Its goals include providing a single, unified command-line interface, improving the user/developer experience (UX/DX), and supporting both audio and image inputs.
  • #13012: mtmd-cli was added, consolidating the various model-specific CLIs into a single tool powered by libmtmd.

Pre-quantized models

See the list of pre-quantized model here

How it works and what is mmproj?

Multimodal support in llama.cpp works by encoding images into embeddings using a separate model component, and then feeding these embeddings into the language model.

This approach keeps the multimodal components distinct from the core libllama library. Separating these allows for faster, independent development cycles. While many modern vision models are based on Vision Transformers (ViTs), their specific pre-processing and projection steps can vary significantly. Integrating this diverse complexity directly into libllama is currently challenging.

Consequently, running a multimodal model typically requires two GGUF files:

  1. The standard language model file.
  2. A corresponding multimodal projector (mmproj) file, which handles the image encoding and projection.

What is libmtmd?

As outlined in the history, libmtmd is the modern library designed to replace the original llava.cpp implementation for handling multimodal inputs.

Built upon clip.cpp (similar to llava.cpp), libmtmd offers several advantages:

  • Unified Interface: Aims to consolidate interaction for various multimodal models.
  • Improved UX/DX: Features a more intuitive API, inspired by the Processor class in the Hugging Face transformers library.
  • Flexibility: Designed to support multiple input types (text, audio, images) while respecting the wide variety of chat templates used by different models.

How to obtain mmproj

Multimodal projector (mmproj) files are specific to each model architecture.

For the following models, you can use convert_hf_to_gguf.py with --mmproj flag to get the mmproj file:

  • Gemma 3 ; See the guide here - Note: 1B variant does not have vision support
  • SmolVLM (from HuggingFaceTB)
  • SmolVLM2 (from HuggingFaceTB)
  • Pixtral 12B - only works with transformers-compatible checkpoint
  • Qwen 2 VL and Qwen 2.5 VL (from Qwen)
  • Mistral Small 3.1 24B
  • InternVL 2.5 and InternVL 3 from OpenGVLab (note: we don't support conversion of InternVL3-*-hf model, only non-HF version is supported ; InternLM2Model text model is not supported)
  • MiniCPM-V 4.6 ; See the guide here - requires the standard transformers v5.7.0+ checkpoint

For older models, please refer to the relevant guide for instructions on how to obtain or create them:

NOTE: conversion scripts are located under tools/mtmd/legacy-models